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US Congress · H.R. 5140 · Passed the House

To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 year...

Introduced
Moved
Reached a final decision
Introduced 2025-09-04
Derived from the official record below.

Officially: “To lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age. Read the full text

Crime and Law Enforcement

What it does

This bill lowers the age at which an individual may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia (DC) to 14 years of age. Under current DC law, an individual who is under 18 years of age is tried as a juvenile in family court. However, an individual who is 16 years of age or older may be tried as an adult if the individual is charged with murder, first-degree sexual abuse, burglary in the first degree, robbery while armed, or assault with intent to commit any such offense. Additionally, an individual who is 15 years of age or older may be tried as an adult if
Summary by the Congressional Research Service, from the official record. Plain-language version below. Not legal advice.

Read it in plain language

AI plain language1 section
Written by AI from the complete official bill text and independently fact-checked against it. Not legal advice.
1Lowering age at which a minor may be tried as adult for certain criminal offenses in District of Columbia

This section would change District of Columbia law on when a minor can be tried as an adult instead of going through the Family Court system. First, it would amend DC Code Section 16-2301, which defines who counts as a child for purposes of the DC Family Court's jurisdiction. For the offenses listed in paragraph (3) of that section, the age at which a minor is excluded from that definition of child, and so can be tried as an adult, would drop from 16 to 14. Second, it would amend DC Code Section 16-2307(a), which governs when a minor's case can be transferred out of Family Court into a criminal, adult court proceeding. That law sets a different minimum age in each of three separate paragraphs, and this bill would lower all three to 14: the minimum age in paragraph (1) would drop from 15 to 14, the minimum age in paragraph (2) would drop from 16 to 14, and the minimum age in paragraph (3) would drop from 18 to 14. Finally, the section states that these changes would apply only to criminal offenses committed on or after the date this Act is enacted, and would not apply to offenses committed before that date.

Show official text
Official text, verbatim from the record

1. Lowering age at which a minor may be tried as adult for certain criminal offenses in District of Columbia (a) Lowering age at which minor may be excluded from jurisdiction of Family Court Section 16–2301, District of Columbia Official Code, is amended— (1) in paragraph (3), by striking sixteen years of age and inserting fourteen years of age ; and (2) in paragraph (3) in the matter following subparagraph (C), by striking the age of sixteen and inserting the age of fourteen . (b) Lowering age at which minor may be transferred to criminal proceeding Section 16–2307(a), District of Columbia Official Code, is amended— (1) in paragraph (1), by striking fifteen and inserting fourteen ; (2) in paragraph (2), by striking sixteen and inserting fourteen ; and (3) in paragraph (3), by striking eighteen and inserting fourteen . (c) Applicability This Act, and the amendments made by this Act, shall apply with respect to criminal offenses committed on and after the date of the enactment of this Act.

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Where it is

Introduced · 2025-09-04

In the House.

Passed the House · 2025-09-16
Senate floor vote · next · the next step

Official documents

The on-site text is shown verbatim from the GovInfo publication, captured 2026-07-23. The same version at GovInfo.

The numbers

29%
of bills that passed one chamber became law in the 118th Congress, 2023 to 2024 (n=939)
7
sponsors, out of 218 needed to pass

Who is lobbying on this

BRADY CAMPAIGN TO PREVENT GUN VIOLENCEvia BRADY CAMPAIGN TO PREVENT GUN VIOLENCE
5 filings
DUE PROCESS INSTITUTEvia DUE PROCESS INSTITUTE
4 filings
THE SENTENCING PROJECTvia MR. KEITH WALLINGTON
3 filings
AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNIONvia AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION
2 filings
THE SENTENCING PROJECTvia THE SENTENCING PROJECT
2 filings
LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS OF THE U.S.via LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS OF THE U.S.
1 filing
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CRIMINAL DEFENSE LAWYERS (NACDL)via NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CRIMINAL DEFENSE LAWYERS (NACDL)
1 filing
From 18 filings in federal lobbying disclosures (LDA), via lda.gov, naming this bill (2025 to 2026). Filings are self-reported by lobbying firms and show who is paid to influence this bill. They do not say which side, or whether it worked.
Every fact on this page links to its source, starting with the official bill record. Last action: Received in the Senate. (2025-09-17).