Shown verbatim: the complete text as captured from the official PDF posted by the Oklahoma Legislature, fetched 2026-07-23. Page and line markers are part of the official record; nothing is edited or removed. The official bill page.
1 STATE OF OKLAHOMA
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2 2nd Session of the 60th Legislature (2026)
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3 SENATE BILL 2182 By: Howard
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6 AS INTRODUCED
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7 An Act relating to civil remedies; creating the
7 Uniform Civil Remedies for Unauthorized Disclosure of
8 Intimate Images Act; providing short title; defining
8 terms; authorizing cause of action for unauthorized
9 disclosure of certain material; providing exceptions
9 to liability for certain disclosures; providing for
10 inapplicability of certain exceptions under certain
10 circumstances; authorizing exclusion or redaction of
11 identifying information in certain pleadings and
11 documents; authorizing recovery of damages and other
12 relief; establishing statute of limitations for
12 certain actions; construing provisions; providing for
13 codification; and providing an effective date.
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16 BE IT ENACTED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA:
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17 SECTION 1. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
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18 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1121 of Title 12, unless there
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19 is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:
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20 This act shall be known and may be cited as the "Uniform Civil
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21 Remedies for Unauthorized Disclosure of Intimate Images Act".
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22 SECTION 2. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
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23 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1122 of Title 12, unless there
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24 is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:
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Req. No. 2520 Page 1
1 As used in this act:
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2 1. "Consent" means affirmative, conscious, and voluntary
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3 authorization by an individual with legal capacity to give
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4 authorization;
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5 2. "Depicted individual" means an individual whose body is
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6 shown in whole or in part in an intimate image;
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7 3. "Disclosure" means transfer, publication, or distribution to
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8 another person. "Disclose" has a corresponding meaning;
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9 4. "Identifiable" means recognizable by a person other than the
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10 depicted individual:
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11 a. from an intimate image itself, or
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12 b. from an intimate image and identifying characteristic
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13 displayed in connection with the intimate image;
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14 5. "Identifying characteristic" means information that may be
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15 used to identify a depicted individual;
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16 6. "Individual" means a human being;
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17 7. "Intimate image" means a photograph, film, video recording,
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18 or other similar medium that shows:
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19 a. the uncovered genitals, pubic area, anus, or female
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20 post-pubescent nipple of a depicted individual, or
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21 b. a depicted individual engaging in or being subjected
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22 to sexual conduct;
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1 8. "Person" means an individual, estate, business or nonprofit
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2 entity, public corporation, government or governmental subdivision,
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3 agency, or instrumentality, or other legal entity; and
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4 9. "Sexual conduct" includes:
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5 a. masturbation,
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6 b. genital, anal, or oral sex,
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7 c. sexual penetration of, or with, an object,
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8 d. bestiality, or
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9 e. the transfer of semen onto a depicted individual.
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10 SECTION 3. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
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11 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1123 of Title 12, unless there
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12 is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:
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13 A. As used in this section:
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14 1. "Harm" includes physical harm, economic harm, and emotional
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15 distress whether or not accompanied by physical or economic harm;
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16 and
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17 2. "Private" means:
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18 a. created or obtained under circumstances in which a
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19 depicted individual had a reasonable expectation of
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20 privacy, or
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21 b. made accessible through theft, bribery, extortion,
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22 fraud, false pretenses, voyeurism, or exceeding
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23 authorized access to an account, message, file,
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24 device, resource, or property.
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1 B. Except as otherwise provided in Section 4 of this act, a
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2 depicted individual who is identifiable and who suffers harm from a
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3 person's intentional disclosure or threatened disclosure of an
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4 intimate image that was private without the depicted individual's
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5 consent has a cause of action against the person if the person knew
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6 or acted with reckless disregard for whether:
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7 1. The depicted individual consented to the disclosure;
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8 2. The intimate image was private; and
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9 3. The depicted individual was identifiable.
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10 C. Consent to creation of the image or previous consensual
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11 disclosure of the image by a depicted individual does not establish
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12 by itself that the individual consented to the disclosure of the
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13 intimate image that is the subject of an action under this act or
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14 that the individual lacked a reasonable expectation of privacy.
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15 D. A depicted individual who does not consent to the sexual
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16 conduct or uncovering of the part of the body depicted in an
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17 intimate image of the individual retains a reasonable expectation of
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18 privacy even if the image was created when the individual was in a
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19 public place.
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20 SECTION 4. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
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21 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1124 of Title 12, unless there
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22 is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:
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23 A. As used in this section:
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1 1. "Child" means an unemancipated individual who is less than
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2 eighteen (18) years of age; and
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3 2. "Parent" means an individual recognized as a parent under
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4 law of this state other than this act.
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5 B. A person is not liable under this act if the person proves
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6 that disclosure of, or a threat to disclose, an intimate image was:
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7 1. Made in good faith in:
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8 a. law enforcement,
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9 b. a legal proceeding, or
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10 c. medical education or treatment;
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11 2. Made in good faith in the reporting or investigation of:
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12 a. unlawful conduct, or
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13 b. unsolicited and unwelcome conduct;
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14 3. Related to a matter of public concern or public interest; or
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15 4. Reasonably intended to assist the depicted individual.
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16 C. Subject to subsection D of this section, a defendant who is
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17 a parent, legal guardian, or individual with legal custody of a
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18 child is not liable under this act for a disclosure or threatened
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19 disclosure of an intimate image of the child.
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20 D. If a defendant asserts an exception to liability under
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21 subsection C of this section, the exception does not apply if the
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22 plaintiff proves the disclosure was:
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23 1. Prohibited by law other than this act; or
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1 2. Made for the purpose of sexual arousal, sexual
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2 gratification, humiliation, degradation, or monetary or commercial
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3 gain.
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4 E. Disclosure of, or a threat to disclose, an intimate image is
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5 not a matter of public concern or public interest solely because the
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6 depicted individual is a public figure.
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7 SECTION 5. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
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8 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1125 of Title 12, unless there
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9 is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:
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10 In an action under this act:
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11 1. The court may exclude or redact from all pleadings and
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12 documents filed in the action other identifying characteristics of
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13 the plaintiff;
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14 2. A plaintiff to whom paragraph 1 of this section applies
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15 shall file with the court and serve on the defendant a confidential
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16 information form that includes the excluded or redacted plaintiff's
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17 name and other identifying characteristics; and
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18 3. The court may make further orders as necessary to protect
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19 the identity and privacy of a plaintiff.
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20 SECTION 6. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
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21 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1126 of Title 12, unless there
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22 is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:
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23 A. In an action under this act, a prevailing plaintiff may
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24 recover:
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1 1. The greater of:
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2 a. economic and noneconomic damages proximately caused by
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3 the defendant's disclosure or threatened disclosure,
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4 including damages for emotional distress whether or
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5 not accompanied by other damages, or
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6 b. statutory damages not to exceed Ten Thousand Dollars
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7 ($10,000.00) against each defendant found liable under
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8 this act for all disclosures and threatened
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9 disclosures by the defendant of which the plaintiff
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10 knew or reasonably should have known when filing the
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11 action or which became known during the pendency of
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12 the action. In determining the amount of statutory
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13 damages under this subparagraph, consideration shall
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14 be given to the age of the parties at the time of the
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15 disclosure or threatened disclosure, the number of
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16 disclosures or threatened disclosures made by the
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17 defendant, the breadth of distribution of the image by
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18 the defendant, and other exacerbating or mitigating
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19 factors;
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20 2. An amount equal to any monetary gain made by the defendant
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21 from disclosure of the intimate image; and
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22 3. Punitive damages as allowed under law of this state other
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23 than this act.
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1 B. In an action under this act, the court may award a
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2 prevailing plaintiff:
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3 1. Reasonable attorney fees and costs; and
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4 2. Additional relief, including injunctive relief.
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5 C. This act does not affect a right or remedy available under
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6 law of this state other than this act.
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7 SECTION 7. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
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8 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1127 of Title 12, unless there
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9 is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:
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10 A. An action under subsection B of Section 3 of this act for:
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11 1. An unauthorized disclosure may not be brought later than
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12 four (4) years from the date the disclosure was discovered or should
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13 have been discovered with the exercise of reasonable diligence; and
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14 2. A threat to disclose may not be brought later than four (4)
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15 years from the date of the threat to disclose.
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16 B. Except as otherwise provided in subsection C of this
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17 section, this section is subject to the tolling statutes of this
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18 state.
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19 C. In an action under subsection B of Section 3 of this act by
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20 a depicted individual who was a minor on the date of the disclosure
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21 or threat to disclose, the time specified in subsection A of this
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22 section does not begin to run until the depicted individual attains
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23 the age of majority.
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1 SECTION 8. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
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2 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1128 of Title 12, unless there
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3 is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:
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4 A. This act shall be construed to be consistent with the
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5 Communications Decency Act of 1996, 47 U.S.C., Section 230.
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6 B. This act may not be construed to alter the law of this state
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7 on sovereign immunity.
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8 SECTION 9. NEW LAW A new section of law to be codified
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9 in the Oklahoma Statutes as Section 1129 of Title 12, unless there
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10 is created a duplication in numbering, reads as follows:
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11 In applying and construing this uniform act, consideration shall
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12 be given to the need to promote uniformity of the law with respect
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13 to its subject matter among states that enact it.
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14 SECTION 10. This act shall become effective November 1, 2026.
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Req. No. 2520 Page 9Every fact on this page links to its source, starting with the official bill record.