Shown verbatim: the complete text as captured from the official source posted by the New York State Senate, fetched 2026-08-11. Nothing is edited or removed. Where this bill amends existing law, language marked for deletion in the official source appears here in brackets. The official bill page.
S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
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11349
I N A S S E M B L Y
May 13, 2026
___________
Introduced by COMMITTEE ON RULES -- (at request of M. of A. P. Carroll)
-- read once and referred to the Committee on Local Governments
AN ACT to amend the town law, in relation to authorizing the town of
Clarkstown to establish community preservation funds; to amend the tax
law, in relation to authorizing the town of Clarkstown to impose a
real estate transfer tax; and providing for the repeal of certain
provisions upon expiration thereof
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. The town law is amended by adding a new section 64-m to
read as follows:
§ 64-M. TOWN OF CLARKSTOWN PRESERVATION FUNDS. 1. AS USED IN THIS
SECTION, THE FOLLOWING WORDS AND TERMS SHALL HAVE THE FOLLOWING MEAN-
INGS:
(A) "TOWN" MEANS THE TOWN OF CLARKSTOWN.
(B) "COMMUNITY PRESERVATION" SHALL MEAN AND INCLUDE ANY OF THE
PURPOSES OUTLINED IN SUBDIVISION FIVE OF THIS SECTION.
(C) "BOARD" MEANS THE ADVISORY BOARD REQUIRED PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION
SIX OF THIS SECTION.
(D) "FUND" MEANS THE COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND CREATED PURSUANT TO
SUBDIVISION TWO OF THIS SECTION.
(E) "TAX" SHALL MEAN THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX IMPOSED PURSUANT TO
SECTION FOURTEEN HUNDRED FIFTY-BB OF THE TAX LAW OR, IF THE CONTEXT
CLEARLY INDICATES, SHALL MEAN THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX IMPOSED
PURSUANT TO ARTICLE THIRTY-ONE OF THE TAX LAW.
2. THE TOWN BOARD OF THE TOWN OF CLARKSTOWN IS AUTHORIZED TO ESTABLISH
BY LOCAL LAW A COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF
THIS SECTION. DEPOSITS INTO THE FUND MAY INCLUDE REVENUES OF THE LOCAL
GOVERNMENT FROM WHATEVER SOURCE AND SHALL INCLUDE, AT A MINIMUM, ALL
REVENUES FROM A TAX IMPOSED UPON THE TRANSFER OF REAL PROPERTY INTERESTS
IN SUCH TOWN PURSUANT TO ARTICLE THIRTY-ONE-K OF THE TAX LAW. THE FUND
SHALL ALSO BE AUTHORIZED TO ACCEPT GIFTS OF ANY SUCH INTERESTS IN LAND
OR OF FUNDS. INTEREST ACCRUED BY MONIES DEPOSITED INTO THE FUND SHALL BE
CREDITED TO THE FUND. IN NO EVENT SHALL MONIES DEPOSITED IN THE FUND BE
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD15563-02-6
A. 11349 2
TRANSFERRED TO ANY OTHER ACCOUNT. NOTHING CONTAINED IN THIS SECTION
SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO PREVENT THE FINANCING IN WHOLE OR IN PART, PURSU-
ANT TO THE LOCAL FINANCE LAW, OF ANY ACQUISITION AUTHORIZED PURSUANT TO
THIS SECTION. MONIES FROM THE FUND MAY BE UTILIZED TO REPAY ANY INDEBT-
EDNESS OR OBLIGATIONS INCURRED PURSUANT TO THE LOCAL FINANCE LAW
CONSISTENT WITH EFFECTUATING THE PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION.
3. THE PURPOSES OF THE FUND SHALL BE EXCLUSIVELY: (A) TO IMPLEMENT A
PLAN FOR THE PRESERVATION OF COMMUNITY CHARACTER AS REQUIRED BY THIS
SECTION, (B) TO ACQUIRE INTERESTS OR RIGHTS IN REAL PROPERTY FOR THE
PRESERVATION OF COMMUNITY CHARACTER WITHIN THE TOWN INCLUDING VILLAGES
THEREIN IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH PLAN AND IN COOPERATION WITH WILLING
SELLERS, (C) TO ESTABLISH A BANK PURSUANT TO A TRANSFER OF DEVELOPMENT
RIGHTS PROGRAM CONSISTENT WITH SECTION TWO HUNDRED SIXTY-ONE-A OF THIS
CHAPTER, AND (D) TO PROVIDE A MANAGEMENT AND STEWARDSHIP PROGRAM FOR
SUCH INTERESTS AND RIGHTS CONSISTENT WITH SUBDIVISION TEN OF THIS
SECTION AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH PLAN DESIGNED TO PRESERVE COMMUNITY
CHARACTER. NOT MORE THAN TEN PERCENT OF THE FUND SHALL BE UTILIZED FOR
THE MANAGEMENT AND STEWARDSHIP PROGRAM.
4. IF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMUNITY PRESERVATION PROJECT PLAN,
ADOPTED BY THE TOWN BOARD, AS PROVIDED IN SUBDIVISION SEVEN OF THIS
SECTION, HAS BEEN COMPLETED, AND FUNDS ARE NO LONGER NEEDED FOR THE
PURPOSES OUTLINED IN THIS SUBDIVISION, THEN ANY REMAINING MONIES IN THE
FUND SHALL BE APPLIED TO REDUCE ANY BONDED INDEBTEDNESS OR OBLIGATIONS
INCURRED TO EFFECTUATE THE PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION.
5. PRESERVATION OF COMMUNITY CHARACTER SHALL INVOLVE ONE OR MORE OF
THE FOLLOWING:
(A) PRESERVATION OF OPEN SPACE;
(B) ESTABLISHMENT OF PARKS, NATURE PRESERVES, OR RECREATION AREAS;
(C) PRESERVATION OF LAND WHICH IS PREDOMINANTLY VIABLE AGRICULTURAL
LAND, AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION SEVEN OF SECTION THREE HUNDRED ONE OF
THE AGRICULTURE AND MARKETS LAW, OR UNIQUE AND IRREPLACEABLE AGRICUL-
TURAL LAND, AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION SIX OF SECTION THREE HUNDRED ONE
OF THE AGRICULTURE AND MARKETS LAW;
(D) PRESERVATION OF LANDS OF EXCEPTIONAL SCENIC VALUE;
(E) PRESERVATION OF FRESHWATER MARSHES OR OTHER WETLANDS;
(F) PRESERVATION OF AQUIFER RECHARGE AREAS;
(G) PRESERVATION OF UNDEVELOPED BEACH-LANDS OR SHORELINE;
(H) ESTABLISHMENT OF WILDLIFE REFUGES FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAINTAINING
NATIVE ANIMAL SPECIES DIVERSITY, INCLUDING THE PROTECTION OF HABITAT
ESSENTIAL TO THE RECOVERY OF RARE, THREATENED OR ENDANGERED SPECIES;
(I) PRESERVATION OF UNIQUE OR THREATENED ECOLOGICAL AREAS;
(J) PRESERVATION OF RIVERS AND RIVER AREAS IN A NATURAL, FREE-FLOWING
CONDITION;
(K) PRESERVATION OF FORESTED LAND;
(L) PRESERVATION OF PUBLIC ACCESS TO LANDS FOR PUBLIC USE INCLUDING
STREAM RIGHTS AND WATERWAYS;
(M) PRESERVATION OF HISTORIC PLACES AND PROPERTIES LISTED ON THE NEW
YORK STATE REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES AND/OR PROTECTED UNDER A MUNICI-
PAL HISTORIC PRESERVATION ORDINANCE OR LAW; AND
(N) UNDERTAKING ANY OF THE PURPOSES OF THIS SUBDIVISION IN FURTHERANCE
OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A GREENBELT.
6. THE TOWN BOARD WHICH HAS ESTABLISHED A COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND
SHALL CREATE AN ADVISORY BOARD TO REVIEW AND MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS ON
PROPOSED ACQUISITIONS OF INTERESTS IN REAL PROPERTY USING MONIES FROM
THE FUND. SUCH BOARD SHALL CONSIST OF FIVE OR SEVEN LEGAL RESIDENTS OF
THE MUNICIPALITY WHO SHALL SERVE WITHOUT COMPENSATION. THE NAMES AND
A. 11349 3
RELEVANT QUALIFICATIONS OF EACH MEMBER OF THE ADVISORY BOARD SHALL BE
POSTED AND UPDATED AS NECESSARY ON THE TOWN'S OFFICIAL MUNICIPAL WEBSITE
MAINTAINED PURSUANT TO ARTICLE THIRTEEN-E OF THE GENERAL MUNICIPAL LAW.
NO MEMBER OF THE LOCAL LEGISLATIVE BODY SHALL SERVE ON THE BOARD. A
MAJORITY OF THE MEMBERS OF THE BOARD SHALL HAVE DEMONSTRATED EXPERIENCE
WITH CONSERVATION OR LAND PRESERVATION ACTIVITIES. THE BOARD SHALL ACT
IN AN ADVISORY CAPACITY TO THE TOWN BOARD. AT LEAST ONE MEMBER OF THE
BOARD SHALL BE AN ACTIVE FARMER. BOARD MEMBERS' TERMS SHALL BE STAG-
GERED.
6-A. IN THE EVENT OF A VACANCY ON THE ADVISORY BOARD ESTABLISHED
PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, THE TOWN SHALL CAUSE A NOTICE OF SUCH VACANCY
TO BE POSTED IN THE OFFICIAL NEWSPAPER OF SUCH TOWN, OR IF NO NEWSPAPER
HAS BEEN DESIGNATED AS THE OFFICIAL NEWSPAPER, IN A NEWSPAPER HAVING
GENERAL CIRCULATION IN SUCH TOWN. A COPY OF SUCH NOTICE SHALL ALSO BE
POSTED ON THE TOWN'S OFFICIAL MUNICIPAL WEBSITE MAINTAINED PURSUANT TO
ARTICLE THIRTEEN-E OF THE GENERAL MUNICIPAL LAW.
7. THE TOWN BOARD WHICH HAS ESTABLISHED A COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND
SHALL, BY LOCAL LAW, ADOPT A COMMUNITY PRESERVATION PROJECT PLAN. SUCH
PLAN SHALL LIST EVERY PROJECT WHICH THE TOWN PLANS TO UNDERTAKE PURSUANT
TO THE COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND. IT SHALL INCLUDE EVERY PARCEL WHICH
IS NECESSARY TO BE ACQUIRED IN THE TOWN IN ORDER TO PROTECT COMMUNITY
CHARACTER. SUCH PLAN SHALL PROVIDE FOR A DETAILED EVALUATION OF ALL
AVAILABLE LAND USE ALTERNATIVES TO PROTECT COMMUNITY CHARACTER, INCLUD-
ING BUT NOT LIMITED TO: (A) FEE SIMPLE ACQUISITION, (B) ZONING REGU-
LATIONS, INCLUDING DENSITY REDUCTIONS, CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT, AND SITE
PLAN AND DESIGN REQUIREMENTS, (C) TRANSFER OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS, (D)
THE PURCHASE OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS, AND (E) SCENIC AND CONSERVATION
EASEMENTS. SAID EVALUATION SHALL BE AS SPECIFIC AS PRACTICABLE AS TO
EACH PARCEL SELECTED FOR INCLUSION IN SUCH PLAN. SUCH PLAN SHALL ESTAB-
LISH THE PRIORITIES FOR PRESERVATION, AND SHALL INCLUDE THE PRESERVATION
OF FARMLAND AS ITS HIGHEST PRIORITY. FUNDS FROM THE COMMUNITY PRESERVA-
TION FUND MAY ONLY BE EXPENDED FOR PROJECTS WHICH HAVE BEEN INCLUDED IN
SUCH PLAN. SUCH PLAN SHALL BE UPDATED NOT LESS THAN ONCE EVERY FIVE
YEARS, BUT IN NO EVENT UNTIL AT LEAST THREE YEARS AFTER THE ADOPTION OF
THE ORIGINAL PLAN. A COPY OF SUCH PLAN SHALL BE FILED WITH THE TOWN
CLERK, THE COMMISSIONER OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION, THE COMMISSIONER
OF AGRICULTURE AND MARKETS AND THE COMMISSIONER OF THE OFFICE OF PARKS,
RECREATION AND HISTORIC PRESERVATION. SUCH PLAN SHALL BE COMPLETED AT
LEAST SIXTY DAYS BEFORE THE SUBMISSION OF THE MANDATORY REFERENDUM
REQUIRED BY SECTION FOURTEEN HUNDRED FIFTY-BB OF THE TAX LAW. IF AT THE
TIME OF REFERENDUM, THE TOWN SHALL HAVE IN PLACE AN ADOPTED OPEN SPACE
PLAN, SUCH PLAN SHALL BE DEEMED SUFFICIENT TO WAIVE THE PRESERVATION
PLAN REQUIREMENTS OF THIS SUBDIVISION. ANY MONIES EXPENDED FROM THE
COMMUNITY PRESERVATION PLAN SHALL, HOWEVER BE CONSISTENT WITH THE
PURPOSES OUTLINED IN SUBDIVISIONS THREE AND FIVE OF THIS SECTION AND
WITH THE OPEN SPACE PLAN FOR A PERIOD NOT TO EXCEED TWELVE MONTHS.
8. THE TOWN BOARD WHICH HAS ESTABLISHED A COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND
PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION MAY STUDY AND CONSIDER ESTABLISHING A TRANSFER
OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS PROGRAM TO PROTECT COMMUNITY CHARACTER AS PROVIDED
FOR BY SECTION TWO HUNDRED SIXTY-ONE-A OF THIS CHAPTER. ALL PROVISIONS
OF SUCH SECTION TWO HUNDRED SIXTY-ONE-A SHALL BE COMPLIED WITH. IF AT
ANY TIME DURING THE LIFE OF THE COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND A TRANSFER
OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS PROGRAM IS ESTABLISHED, THE TOWN MAY UTILIZE
MONIES FROM THE COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND IN ORDER TO CREATE AND FUND
A CENTRAL BANK OF THE TRANSFER OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS PROGRAM. IF AT ANY
TIME DURING THE LIFE OF THE COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND, A TRANSFER OF
A. 11349 4
DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS PROGRAM IS REPEALED BY THE TOWN, ALL MONIES FROM THE
CENTRAL BANK SHALL BE RETURNED TO THE COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND.
9. NO INTERESTS OR RIGHTS IN REAL PROPERTY SHALL BE ACQUIRED PURSUANT
TO THIS SECTION UNTIL A PUBLIC HEARING IS HELD AS REQUIRED BY SECTION
TWO HUNDRED FORTY-SEVEN OF THE GENERAL MUNICIPAL LAW; PROVIDED, HOWEVER,
THAT NOTHING HEREIN SHALL PREVENT THE TOWN BOARD FROM ENTERING INTO A
CONDITIONAL PURCHASE AGREEMENT BEFORE A PUBLIC HEARING IS HELD. ANY
RESOLUTION OF THE TOWN BOARD APPROVING AN ACQUISITION OF RIGHTS OR
INTEREST IN REAL PROPERTY PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, SHALL FIND THAT
ACQUISITION WAS THE BEST ALTERNATIVE FOR THE PROTECTION OF COMMUNITY
CHARACTER OF ALL THE REASONABLE ALTERNATIVES AVAILABLE TO THE TOWN.
10. RIGHTS OR INTEREST IN REAL PROPERTY ACQUIRED PURSUANT TO THIS
SECTION SHALL BE ADMINISTERED AND MANAGED IN A MANNER WHICH (A) ALLOWS
PUBLIC USE AND ENJOYMENT IN A MANNER COMPATIBLE WITH THE NATURAL,
SCENIC, HISTORIC AND OPEN SPACE CHARACTER OF SUCH LANDS; (B) PRESERVES
THE NATIVE BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF SUCH LANDS; (C) WITH REGARD TO OPEN
SPACES, LIMITS IMPROVEMENTS TO ENHANCING ACCESS FOR PASSIVE USE OF SUCH
LANDS SUCH AS NATURE TRAILS, BOARDWALKS, BICYCLE PATHS, AND PERIPHERAL
PARKING AREAS PROVIDED THAT SUCH IMPROVEMENTS DO NOT DEGRADE THE ECOLOG-
ICAL VALUE OF THE LAND OR THREATEN ESSENTIAL WILDLIFE HABITAT; AND (D)
PRESERVES CULTURAL PROPERTY CONSISTENT WITH ACCEPTED STANDARDS FOR
HISTORIC PRESERVATION. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF THIS
SUBDIVISION THERE SHALL BE NO RIGHT TO PUBLIC USE AND ENJOYMENT OF LAND
USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH A FARM OPERATION AS DEFINED BY SUBDIVISION
ELEVEN OF SECTION THREE HUNDRED ONE OF THE AGRICULTURE AND MARKETS LAW.
IN FURTHERING THE PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, THE TOWN MAY ENTER INTO
AGREEMENTS WITH CORPORATIONS ORGANIZED UNDER THE NOT-FOR-PROFIT CORPO-
RATION LAW AND ENGAGE IN LAND TRUST ACTIVITIES TO MANAGE LANDS INCLUDING
LESS THAN FEE INTERESTS ACQUIRED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THIS
SECTION, PROVIDED THAT ANY SUCH AGREEMENT SHALL CONTAIN A PROVISION THAT
SUCH CORPORATION SHALL KEEP THE LANDS ACCESSIBLE TO THE PUBLIC UNLESS
SUCH CORPORATION SHALL DEMONSTRATE TO THE SATISFACTION OF THE TOWN THAT
PUBLIC ACCESSIBILITY WOULD BE DETRIMENTAL TO THE LANDS OR ANY NATURAL
RESOURCES ASSOCIATED THEREWITH.
11. RIGHTS OR INTERESTS IN REAL PROPERTY ACQUIRED WITH MONIES FROM
SUCH FUND SHALL NOT BE SOLD, LEASED, EXCHANGED, DONATED, OR OTHERWISE
DISPOSED OF OR USED FOR OTHER THAN THE PURPOSES PERMITTED BY THIS
SECTION WITHOUT THE EXPRESS AUTHORITY OF AN ACT OF THE STATE LEGISLA-
TURE, WHICH SHALL PROVIDE FOR THE SUBSTITUTION OF OTHER LANDS OF EQUAL
ENVIRONMENTAL VALUE AND FAIR MARKET VALUE AND REASONABLY EQUIVALENT
USEFULNESS AND LOCATION TO THOSE TO BE DISCONTINUED, SOLD OR DISPOSED
OF, AND SUCH OTHER REQUIREMENTS AS SHALL BE APPROVED BY THE STATE LEGIS-
LATURE. ANY CONSERVATION EASEMENTS, CREATED UNDER TITLE THREE OF ARTICLE
FORTY-NINE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION LAW, WHICH ARE ACQUIRED
WITH MONIES FROM SUCH FUND MAY ONLY BE MODIFIED OR EXTINGUISHED AS
PROVIDED IN SECTION 49-0307 OF SUCH LAW. NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL
PRECLUDE THE TOWN, BY LOCAL LAW, FROM ESTABLISHING ADDITIONAL
RESTRICTIONS TO THE ALIENATION OF LANDS ACQUIRED PURSUANT TO THIS
SECTION. THIS SUBDIVISION SHALL NOT APPLY TO THE SALE OF DEVELOPMENT
RIGHTS BY THE TOWN ACQUIRED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, WHERE SAID SALE IS
MADE BY A CENTRAL BANK CREATED BY THE TOWN, PURSUANT TO A TRANSFER OF
DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS PROGRAM ESTABLISHED BY THE TOWN PURSUANT TO SECTION
TWO HUNDRED SIXTY-ONE-A OF THIS CHAPTER, PROVIDED, HOWEVER THAT (A) THE
LANDS FROM WHICH SAID DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS WERE ACQUIRED SHALL REMAIN
PRESERVED IN PERPETUITY BY A PERMANENT CONSERVATION EASEMENT OR OTHER
INSTRUMENT THAT SIMILARLY PRESERVES THE COMMUNITY CHARACTER REFERENCED
A. 11349 5
IN SUBDIVISION FIVE OF THIS SECTION, AND (B) THE PROCEEDS FROM SUCH SALE
SHALL BE DEPOSITED IN THE COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND.
§ 2. The tax law is amended by adding a new article 31-K to read as
follows:
ARTICLE 31-K
TAX ON REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS IN THE TOWN OF CLARKSTOWN
SECTION 1450-AA. DEFINITIONS.
1450-BB. IMPOSITION OF TAX.
1450-CC. PAYMENT OF TAX.
1450-DD. LIABILITY FOR TAX.
1450-EE. EXEMPTIONS.
1450-FF. CREDIT.
1450-GG. COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION TRANSFERS.
1450-HH. DESIGNATION OF AGENTS.
1450-II. LIABILITY OF RECORDING OFFICER.
1450-JJ. REFUNDS.
1450-KK. DEPOSIT AND DISPOSITION OF REVENUE.
1450-LL. JUDICIAL REVIEW.
1450-MM. APPORTIONMENT.
1450-NN. MISCELLANEOUS.
1450-OO. RETURNS TO BE SECRET.
1450-PP. FORECLOSURE PROCEEDINGS.
§ 1450-AA. DEFINITIONS. WHEN USED IN THIS ARTICLE, UNLESS OTHERWISE
EXPRESSLY STATED, THE FOLLOWING WORDS AND TERMS SHALL HAVE THE FOLLOWING
MEANINGS:
1. "PERSON" MEANS AN INDIVIDUAL, PARTNERSHIP, LIMITED LIABILITY COMPA-
NY, SOCIETY, ASSOCIATION, JOINT STOCK COMPANY, CORPORATION, ESTATE,
RECEIVER, TRUSTEE, ASSIGNEE, REFEREE OR ANY OTHER PERSON ACTING IN A
FIDUCIARY OR REPRESENTATIVE CAPACITY, WHETHER APPOINTED BY A COURT OR
OTHERWISE, ANY COMBINATION OF INDIVIDUALS, AND ANY OTHER FORM OF UNIN-
CORPORATED ENTERPRISE OWNED OR CONDUCTED BY TWO OR MORE PERSONS.
2. "CONTROLLING INTEREST" MEANS: (A) IN THE CASE OF A CORPORATION,
EITHER FIFTY PERCENT OR MORE OF THE TOTAL COMBINED VOTING POWER OF ALL
CLASSES OF STOCK OF SUCH CORPORATION, OR FIFTY PERCENT OR MORE OF THE
CAPITAL, PROFITS OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN SUCH VOTING STOCK OF SUCH
CORPORATION; AND (B) IN THE CASE OF A PARTNERSHIP, ASSOCIATION, TRUST OR
OTHER ENTITY, FIFTY PERCENT OR MORE OF THE CAPITAL, PROFITS OR BENEFI-
CIAL INTEREST IN SUCH PARTNERSHIP, ASSOCIATION, TRUST OR OTHER ENTITY.
3. "REAL PROPERTY" MEANS EVERY ESTATE OR RIGHT, LEGAL OR EQUITABLE,
PRESENT OR FUTURE, VESTED OR CONTINGENT, IN LANDS, TENEMENTS OR HEREDI-
TAMENTS, INCLUDING BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES AND OTHER IMPROVEMENTS THEREON,
WHICH ARE LOCATED IN WHOLE OR IN PART WITHIN THE TOWN OF CLARKSTOWN. IT
SHALL NOT INCLUDE RIGHTS TO SEPULTURE.
4. "CONSIDERATION" MEANS THE PRICE ACTUALLY PAID OR REQUIRED TO BE
PAID FOR THE REAL PROPERTY OR INTEREST THEREIN, INCLUDING PAYMENT FOR AN
OPTION OR CONTRACT TO PURCHASE REAL PROPERTY, WHETHER OR NOT EXPRESSED
IN THE DEED AND WHETHER PAID OR REQUIRED TO BE PAID BY MONEY, PROPERTY,
OR ANY OTHER THING OF VALUE. IT SHALL INCLUDE THE CANCELLATION OR
DISCHARGE OF AN INDEBTEDNESS OR OBLIGATION. IT SHALL ALSO INCLUDE THE
AMOUNT OF ANY MORTGAGE, PURCHASE MONEY MORTGAGE, LIEN OR OTHER ENCUM-
BRANCE, WHETHER OR NOT THE UNDERLYING INDEBTEDNESS IS ASSUMED OR TAKEN
SUBJECT TO.
(A) IN THE CASE OF A CREATION OF A LEASEHOLD INTEREST OR THE GRANTING
OF AN OPTION WITH USE AND OCCUPANCY OF REAL PROPERTY, CONSIDERATION
SHALL INCLUDE, BUT NOT BE LIMITED TO, THE VALUE OF THE RENTAL AND OTHER
PAYMENTS ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE USE AND OCCUPANCY OF THE REAL PROPERTY OR
A. 11349 6
INTEREST THEREIN, THE VALUE OF ANY AMOUNT PAID FOR AN OPTION TO PURCHASE
OR RENEW AND THE VALUE OF RENTAL OR OTHER PAYMENTS ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE
EXERCISE OF ANY OPTION TO RENEW.
(B) IN THE CASE OF A CREATION OF A SUBLEASEHOLD INTEREST, CONSIDER-
ATION SHALL INCLUDE, BUT NOT BE LIMITED TO, THE VALUE OF THE SUBLEASE
RENTAL PAYMENTS ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE USE AND OCCUPANCY OF THE REAL PROP-
ERTY, THE VALUE OF ANY AMOUNT PAID FOR AN OPTION TO RENEW AND THE VALUE
OF RENTAL OR OTHER PAYMENTS ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE EXERCISE OF ANY OPTION
TO RENEW LESS THE VALUE OF THE REMAINING PRIME LEASE RENTAL PAYMENTS
REQUIRED TO BE MADE.
(C) IN THE CASE OF A CONTROLLING INTEREST IN ANY ENTITY THAT OWNS REAL
PROPERTY, CONSIDERATION SHALL MEAN THE FAIR MARKET VALUE OF THE REAL
PROPERTY OR INTEREST THEREIN, APPORTIONED BASED ON THE PERCENTAGE OF THE
OWNERSHIP INTEREST TRANSFERRED OR ACQUIRED IN THE ENTITY.
(D) IN THE CASE OF AN ASSIGNMENT OR SURRENDER OF A LEASEHOLD INTEREST
OR THE ASSIGNMENT OR SURRENDER OF AN OPTION OR CONTRACT TO PURCHASE REAL
PROPERTY, CONSIDERATION SHALL NOT INCLUDE THE VALUE OF THE REMAINING
RENTAL PAYMENTS REQUIRED TO BE MADE PURSUANT TO THE TERMS OF SUCH LEASE
OR THE AMOUNT TO BE PAID FOR THE REAL PROPERTY PURSUANT TO THE TERMS OF
THE OPTION OR CONTRACT BEING ASSIGNED OR SURRENDERED.
(E) IN THE CASE OF (1) THE ORIGINAL CONVEYANCE OF SHARES OF STOCK IN A
COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE GRANT OR TRANSFER
OF A PROPRIETARY LEASEHOLD BY THE COOPERATIVE CORPORATION OR COOPERATIVE
PLAN SPONSOR, AND (2) THE SUBSEQUENT CONVEYANCE BY THE OWNER THEREOF OF
SUCH STOCK IN A COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE
GRANT OR TRANSFER OF A PROPRIETARY LEASEHOLD FOR A COOPERATIVE UNIT
OTHER THAN AN INDIVIDUAL RESIDENTIAL UNIT, CONSIDERATION SHALL INCLUDE A
PROPORTIONATE SHARE OF THE UNPAID PRINCIPAL OF ANY MORTGAGE ON THE REAL
PROPERTY OF THE COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION COMPRISING THE COOPER-
ATIVE DWELLING OR DWELLINGS. SUCH SHARE SHALL BE DETERMINED BY MULTIPLY-
ING THE TOTAL UNPAID PRINCIPAL OF THE MORTGAGE BY A FRACTION, THE NUMER-
ATOR OF WHICH SHALL BE THE NUMBER OF SHARES OF STOCK BEING CONVEYED IN
THE COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE GRANT OR
TRANSFER OF A PROPRIETARY LEASEHOLD AND THE DENOMINATOR OF WHICH SHALL
BE THE TOTAL NUMBER OF SHARES OF STOCK IN THE COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPO-
RATION.
5. "CONVEYANCE" MEANS THE TRANSFER OR TRANSFERS OF ANY INTEREST IN
REAL PROPERTY BY ANY METHOD, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, SALE,
EXCHANGE, ASSIGNMENT, SURRENDER, MORTGAGE FORECLOSURE, TRANSFER IN LIEU
OF FORECLOSURE, OPTION, TRUST INDENTURE, TAKING BY EMINENT DOMAIN,
CONVEYANCE UPON LIQUIDATION OR BY A RECEIVER, OR TRANSFER OR ACQUISITION
OF A CONTROLLING INTEREST IN ANY ENTITY WITH AN INTEREST IN REAL PROPER-
TY. TRANSFER OF AN INTEREST IN REAL PROPERTY SHALL INCLUDE THE CREATION
OF A LEASEHOLD OR SUBLEASE ONLY WHERE (A) THE SUM OF THE TERM OF THE
LEASE OR SUBLEASE AND ANY OPTIONS FOR RENEWAL EXCEEDS FORTY-NINE YEARS,
(B) SUBSTANTIAL CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS ARE OR MAY BE MADE BY OR FOR THE
BENEFIT OF THE LESSEE OR SUBLESSEE, AND (C) THE LEASE OR SUBLEASE IS FOR
SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE PREMISES CONSTITUTING THE REAL PROPERTY.
NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, CONVEYANCE OF REAL PROPERTY SHALL NOT
INCLUDE A CONVEYANCE MADE PURSUANT TO DEVISE, BEQUEST OR INHERITANCE;
THE CREATION, MODIFICATION, EXTENSION, SPREADING, SEVERANCE, CONSOL-
IDATION, ASSIGNMENT, TRANSFER, RELEASE OR SATISFACTION OF A MORTGAGE; A
MORTGAGE SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT, A MORTGAGE SEVERANCE AGREEMENT, AN
INSTRUMENT GIVEN TO PERFECT OR CORRECT A RECORDED MORTGAGE; OR A RELEASE
OF LIEN OF TAX PURSUANT TO THIS CHAPTER OR THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE.
A. 11349 7
6. "INTEREST IN THE REAL PROPERTY" INCLUDES TITLE IN FEE, A LEASEHOLD
INTEREST, A BENEFICIAL INTEREST, AN ENCUMBRANCE, DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS, AIR
SPACE AND AIR RIGHTS, OR ANY OTHER INTEREST WITH THE RIGHT TO USE OR
OCCUPANCY OF REAL PROPERTY OR THE RIGHT TO RECEIVE RENTS, PROFITS OR
OTHER INCOME DERIVED FROM REAL PROPERTY. IT SHALL ALSO INCLUDE AN OPTION
OR CONTRACT TO PURCHASE REAL PROPERTY. IT SHALL NOT INCLUDE A RIGHT OF
FIRST REFUSAL TO PURCHASE REAL PROPERTY.
7. "GRANTOR" MEANS THE PERSON MAKING THE CONVEYANCE OF REAL PROPERTY
OR INTEREST THEREIN. WHERE THE CONVEYANCE CONSISTS OF A TRANSFER OR AN
ACQUISITION OF A CONTROLLING INTEREST IN AN ENTITY WITH AN INTEREST IN
REAL PROPERTY, "GRANTOR" MEANS THE ENTITY WITH AN INTEREST IN REAL PROP-
ERTY OR A SHAREHOLDER OR PARTNER TRANSFERRING STOCK OR PARTNERSHIP
INTEREST, RESPECTIVELY.
8. "GRANTEE" MEANS THE PERSON WHO OBTAINS REAL PROPERTY OR INTEREST
THEREIN AS A RESULT OF A CONVEYANCE.
9. "FUND" MEANS A COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND CREATED PURSUANT TO
SECTION SIXTY-FOUR-M OF THE TOWN LAW.
10. "RECORDING OFFICER" MEANS THE COUNTY CLERK OF THE COUNTY OF ROCK-
LAND.
11. "TOWN" MEANS THE TOWN OF CLARKSTOWN, COUNTY OF ROCKLAND.
12. "TREASURER" MEANS THE TREASURER OF THE COUNTY OF ROCKLAND.
13. "TOWN SUPERVISOR" MEANS THE TOWN SUPERVISOR OF THE TOWN OF CLARKS-
TOWN.
14. "TAX" SHALL MEAN THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX IMPOSED PURSUANT TO
SECTION FOURTEEN HUNDRED FIFTY-BB OF THIS ARTICLE OR, IF THE CONTEXT
CLEARLY INDICATES, SHALL MEAN THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX IMPOSED
PURSUANT TO ARTICLE THIRTY-ONE OF THIS CHAPTER.
15. "RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY" MEANS PROPERTY WHICH SATISFIES AT
LEAST ONE OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS:
(A) THE PROPERTY CLASSIFICATION CODE ASSIGNED TO THE PROPERTY ON THE
LATEST FINAL ASSESSMENT ROLL, AS REPORTED ON THE TRANSFER REPORT FORM,
INDICATES THAT THE PROPERTY IS A ONE, TWO OR THREE FAMILY HOME OR A
RURAL RESIDENCE; OR
(B) THE TRANSFER REPORT INDICATES THAT THE PROPERTY IS A ONE, TWO OR
THREE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY THAT HAS BEEN NEWLY CONSTRUCTED ON
VACANT LAND; OR
(C) THE TRANSFER REPORT FORM INDICATES THAT THE PROPERTY IS A RESIDEN-
TIAL CONDOMINIUM.
§ 1450-BB. IMPOSITION OF TAX. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISIONS OF
LAW TO THE CONTRARY, THE TOWN OF CLARKSTOWN, ACTING THROUGH ITS TOWN
BOARD, IS HEREBY AUTHORIZED AND EMPOWERED TO ADOPT A LOCAL LAW IMPOSING
IN SUCH TOWN A TAX ON EACH CONVEYANCE OF REAL PROPERTY OR INTEREST THER-
EIN NOT TO EXCEED A MAXIMUM OF THREE-QUARTERS OF ONE PERCENT OF THE
CONSIDERATION FOR SUCH CONVEYANCE, SUBJECT TO THE EXEMPTIONS SET FORTH
IN SECTION FOURTEEN HUNDRED FIFTY-EE OF THIS ARTICLE; ANY SUCH LOCAL LAW
SHALL FIX THE RATE OF SUCH TAX. PROVIDED, HOWEVER, ANY SUCH LOCAL LAW
IMPOSING, REPEALING OR REIMPOSING SUCH TAX SHALL BE SUBJECT TO A MANDA-
TORY REFERENDUM PURSUANT TO SECTION TWENTY-THREE OF THE MUNICIPAL HOME
RULE LAW. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, PRIOR TO ADOPTION OF SUCH LOCAL
LAW, THE TOWN MUST ESTABLISH A COMMUNITY PRESERVATION FUND PURSUANT TO
SECTION SIXTY-FOUR-M OF THE TOWN LAW. REVENUES FROM SUCH TAX SHALL BE
DEPOSITED IN SUCH FUND AND MAY BE USED SOLELY FOR THE PURPOSES OF SUCH
FUND. SUCH LOCAL LAW SHALL APPLY TO ANY CONVEYANCE OCCURRING ON OR AFTER
THE FIRST DAY OF A MONTH TO BE DESIGNATED BY SUCH TOWN BOARD, WHICH IS
NOT LESS THAN SIXTY DAYS AFTER THE ENACTMENT OF SUCH LOCAL LAW, BUT
SHALL NOT APPLY TO CONVEYANCES MADE ON OR AFTER SUCH DATE PURSUANT TO
A. 11349 8
BINDING WRITTEN CONTRACTS ENTERED INTO PRIOR TO SUCH DATE, PROVIDED THAT
THE DATE OF EXECUTION OF SUCH CONTRACT IS CONFIRMED BY INDEPENDENT
EVIDENCE SUCH AS THE RECORDING OF THE CONTRACT, PAYMENT OF A DEPOSIT OR
OTHER FACTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES AS DETERMINED BY THE TREASURER.
§ 1450-CC. PAYMENT OF TAX. 1. THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX IMPOSED
PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE PAID TO THE TREASURER OR THE RECORDING
OFFICER ACTING AS THE AGENT OF THE TREASURER UPON DESIGNATION AS SUCH
AGENT BY THE TREASURER. SUCH TAX SHALL BE PAID AT THE SAME TIME AS THE
REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX IMPOSED BY ARTICLE THIRTY-ONE OF THIS CHAPTER
IS REQUIRED TO BE PAID. SUCH TREASURER OR RECORDING OFFICER SHALL
ENDORSE UPON EACH DEED OR INSTRUMENT EFFECTING A CONVEYANCE A RECEIPT
FOR THE AMOUNT OF THE TAX SO PAID.
2. A RETURN SHALL BE REQUIRED TO BE FILED WITH SUCH TREASURER OR
RECORDING OFFICER FOR PURPOSES OF THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX IMPOSED
PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE AT THE SAME TIME AS A RETURN IS REQUIRED TO BE
FILED FOR PURPOSES OF THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX IMPOSED BY ARTICLE
THIRTY-ONE OF THIS CHAPTER. THE TREASURER SHALL PRESCRIBE THE FORM OF
RETURN, THE INFORMATION WHICH IT SHALL CONTAIN, AND THE DOCUMENTATION
THAT SHALL ACCOMPANY THE RETURN. SAID FORM SHALL BE IDENTICAL TO THE
REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX RETURN REQUIRED TO BE FILED PURSUANT TO SECTION
FOURTEEN HUNDRED NINE OF THIS CHAPTER, EXCEPT THAT THE TREASURER SHALL
ADAPT SAID FORM TO REFLECT THE PROVISIONS IN THIS CHAPTER THAT ARE
INCONSISTENT, DIFFERENT, OR IN ADDITION TO THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLE
THIRTY-ONE OF THIS CHAPTER. THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX RETURNS
REQUIRED TO BE FILED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL BE PRESERVED FOR
THREE YEARS AND THEREAFTER UNTIL SUCH TREASURER OR RECORDING OFFICER
ORDERS THEM TO BE DESTROYED.
3. THE RECORDING OFFICER SHALL NOT RECORD AN INSTRUMENT EFFECTING A
CONVEYANCE UNLESS THE RETURN REQUIRED BY THIS SECTION HAS BEEN FILED AND
THE TAX IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE SHALL HAVE BEEN PAID AS
REQUIRED IN THIS SECTION.
§ 1450-DD. LIABILITY FOR TAX. 1. THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX SHALL BE
PAID BY THE GRANTEE. IF THE GRANTEE HAS FAILED TO PAY THE TAX IMPOSED
PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE OR IF THE GRANTEE IS EXEMPT FROM SUCH TAX, THE
GRANTOR SHALL HAVE THE DUTY TO PAY THE TAX. WHERE THE GRANTOR HAS THE
DUTY TO PAY THE TAX BECAUSE THE GRANTEE HAS FAILED TO PAY THE TAX, SUCH
TAX SHALL BE THE JOINT AND SEVERAL LIABILITY OF THE GRANTEE AND THE
GRANTOR.
2. FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE PROPER ADMINISTRATION OF THIS ARTICLE AND TO
PREVENT EVASION OF THE TAX HEREBY IMPOSED, IT SHALL BE PRESUMED THAT ALL
CONVEYANCES ARE SUBJECT TO THE TAX. WHERE THE CONSIDERATION INCLUDES
PROPERTY OTHER THAN MONEY, IT SHALL BE PRESUMED THAT THE CONSIDERATION
IS THE FAIR MARKET VALUE OF THE REAL PROPERTY OR INTEREST THEREIN. THESE
PRESUMPTIONS SHALL PREVAIL UNTIL THE CONTRARY IS PROVEN, AND THE BURDEN
OF PROVING THE CONTRARY SHALL BE ON THE PERSON LIABLE FOR PAYMENT OF THE
TAX.
§ 1450-EE. EXEMPTIONS. 1. THE FOLLOWING SHALL BE EXEMPT FROM THE
PAYMENT OF THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX IMPOSED BY THIS ARTICLE:
(A) THE STATE OF NEW YORK, OR ANY OF ITS AGENCIES, INSTRUMENTALITIES,
POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS, OR PUBLIC CORPORATIONS (INCLUDING A PUBLIC
CORPORATION CREATED PURSUANT TO AN AGREEMENT OR COMPACT WITH ANOTHER
STATE OR THE DOMINION OF CANADA); AND
(B) THE UNITED NATIONS, THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA OR ANY OF ITS
AGENCIES OR INSTRUMENTALITIES.
2. THE TAX SHALL NOT APPLY TO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING CONVEYANCES:
A. 11349 9
(A) CONVEYANCES TO THE UNITED NATIONS, THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
THE STATE OF NEW YORK, OR ANY OF THEIR INSTRUMENTALITIES, AGENCIES OR
POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS (OR ANY PUBLIC CORPORATION, INCLUDING A PUBLIC
CORPORATION CREATED PURSUANT TO AGREEMENT OR COMPACT WITH ANOTHER STATE
OR THE DOMINION OF CANADA);
(B) CONVEYANCES WHICH ARE OR WERE USED TO SECURE A DEBT OR OTHER OBLI-
GATION;
(C) CONVEYANCES WHICH, WITHOUT ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATION, CONFIRM,
CORRECT, MODIFY OR SUPPLEMENT A DEED PREVIOUSLY RECORDED;
(D) CONVEYANCES OF REAL PROPERTY WITHOUT CONSIDERATION AND OTHERWISE
THAN IN CONNECTION WITH A SALE, INCLUDING DEEDS CONVEYING REALTY AS BONA
FIDE GIFTS;
(E) CONVEYANCES GIVEN IN CONNECTION WITH A TAX SALE;
(F) CONVEYANCES TO EFFECTUATE A MERE CHANGE OF IDENTITY OR FORM OF
OWNERSHIP OR ORGANIZATION WHERE THERE IS NO CHANGE IN BENEFICIAL OWNER-
SHIP, OTHER THAN CONVEYANCES TO A COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION OF THE
REAL PROPERTY COMPRISING THE COOPERATIVE DWELLING OR DWELLINGS;
(G) CONVEYANCES WHICH CONSIST OF A DEED OF PARTITION;
(H) CONVEYANCES GIVEN PURSUANT TO THE FEDERAL BANKRUPTCY ACT;
(I) CONVEYANCES OF REAL PROPERTY WHICH CONSIST OF THE EXECUTION OF A
CONTRACT TO SELL REAL PROPERTY WITHOUT THE USE OR OCCUPANCY OF SUCH
PROPERTY OR THE GRANTING OF AN OPTION TO PURCHASE REAL PROPERTY WITHOUT
THE USE OR OCCUPANCY OF SUCH PROPERTY;
(J) CONVEYANCES OF REAL PROPERTY OR A PORTION OR PORTIONS OF REAL
PROPERTY THAT ARE THE SUBJECT OF ONE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING DEVELOP-
MENT RESTRICTIONS:
(1) AGRICULTURAL, CONSERVATION, SCENIC, OR AN OPEN SPACE EASEMENT;
(2) COVENANTS OR RESTRICTIONS PROHIBITING DEVELOPMENT WHERE THE PROP-
ERTY OR PORTION OF PROPERTY BEING CONVEYED HAS HAD ITS DEVELOPMENT
RIGHTS PERMANENTLY REMOVED;
(3) A PURCHASE OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS AGREEMENT WHERE THE PROPERTY OR
PORTION OF PROPERTY BEING CONVEYED HAS HAD ITS DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS PERMA-
NENTLY REMOVED;
(4) A TRANSFER OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS AGREEMENT, WHERE THE PROPERTY
BEING CONVEYED HAS HAD ITS DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS REMOVED;
(5) REAL PROPERTY SUBJECT TO ANY LOCALLY ADOPTED LAND PRESERVATION
AGREEMENT, PROVIDED SAID EXEMPTION IS INCLUDED IN THE LOCAL LAW IMPOSING
THE TAX AUTHORIZED BY THIS ARTICLE;
(K) CONVEYANCES OF REAL PROPERTY, WHERE THE PROPERTY IS VIABLE AGRI-
CULTURAL LAND AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION SEVEN OF SECTION THREE HUNDRED
ONE OF THE AGRICULTURE AND MARKETS LAW AND THE ENTIRE PROPERTY TO BE
CONVEYED IS TO BE MADE SUBJECT TO ONE OF THE DEVELOPMENT RESTRICTIONS
PROVIDED FOR IN SUBPARAGRAPH TWO OF PARAGRAPH (J) OF THIS SUBDIVISION
PROVIDED THAT SAID DEVELOPMENT RESTRICTION PRECLUDES THE CONVERSION OF
THE PROPERTY TO A NON-AGRICULTURAL USE FOR AT LEAST EIGHT YEARS FROM THE
DATE OF TRANSFER, AND SAID DEVELOPMENT RESTRICTION IS EVIDENCED BY AN
EASEMENT, AGREEMENT, OR OTHER SUITABLE INSTRUMENT WHICH IS TO BE
CONVEYED TO THE TOWN SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH THE CONVEYANCE OF THE REAL
PROPERTY; OR
(L) CONVEYANCES OF REAL PROPERTY FOR OPEN SPACE, PARKS, OR HISTORIC
PRESERVATION PURPOSES TO ANY NOT-FOR-PROFIT TAX EXEMPT CORPORATION OPER-
ATED FOR CONSERVATION, ENVIRONMENTAL, OR HISTORIC PRESERVATION PURPOSES.
3. AN EXEMPTION FROM THE TAX WHICH IS EQUAL TO THE MEDIAN SALES PRICE
OF RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY WITHIN THE APPLICABLE COUNTY, AS DETERMINED
BY THE OFFICE OF REAL PROPERTY SERVICES PURSUANT TO SECTION FOUR HUNDRED
TWENTY-FIVE OF THE REAL PROPERTY TAX LAW, SHALL BE ALLOWED ON THE
A. 11349 10
CONSIDERATION OF THE CONVEYANCE OF IMPROVED OR UNIMPROVED REAL PROPERTY
OR AN INTEREST THEREIN.
§ 1450-FF. CREDIT. A GRANTEE SHALL BE ALLOWED A CREDIT AGAINST THE TAX
DUE ON A CONVEYANCE OF REAL PROPERTY TO THE EXTENT TAX WAS PAID BY SUCH
GRANTEE ON A PRIOR CREATION OF A LEASEHOLD OF ALL OR A PORTION OF THE
SAME REAL PROPERTY OR ON THE GRANTING OF AN OPTION OR CONTRACT TO
PURCHASE ALL OR A PORTION OF THE SAME REAL PROPERTY BY SUCH GRANTEE.
SUCH CREDIT SHALL BE COMPUTED BY MULTIPLYING THE TAX PAID ON THE
CREATION OF THE LEASEHOLD OR ON THE GRANTING OF THE OPTION OR CONTRACT
BY A FRACTION, THE NUMERATOR OF WHICH IS THE VALUE OF THE CONSIDERATION
USED TO COMPUTE SUCH TAX PAID WHICH IS NOT YET DUE TO SUCH GRANTOR ON
THE DATE OF THE SUBSEQUENT CONVEYANCE (AND WHICH SUCH GRANTOR WILL NOT
BE ENTITLED TO RECEIVE AFTER SUCH DATE), AND THE DENOMINATOR OF WHICH IS
THE TOTAL VALUE OF THE CONSIDERATION USED TO COMPUTE SUCH TAX PAID.
§ 1450-GG. COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION TRANSFERS. 1. NOTWITH-
STANDING THE DEFINITION OF "CONTROLLING INTEREST" CONTAINED IN SUBDIVI-
SION TWO OF SECTION FOURTEEN HUNDRED FIFTY-AA OF THIS ARTICLE OR
ANYTHING TO THE CONTRARY CONTAINED IN SUBDIVISION FIVE OF SECTION FOUR-
TEEN HUNDRED FIFTY-AA OF THIS ARTICLE, THE TAX IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS
ARTICLE SHALL APPLY TO (A) THE ORIGINAL CONVEYANCE OF SHARES OF STOCK IN
A COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE GRANT OR TRANS-
FER OF A PROPRIETARY LEASEHOLD BY THE COOPERATIVE CORPORATION OR COOPER-
ATIVE PLAN SPONSOR, AND (B) THE SUBSEQUENT CONVEYANCE OF SUCH STOCK IN A
COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE GRANT OR TRANSFER
OF A PROPRIETARY LEASEHOLD BY THE OWNER THEREOF. WITH RESPECT TO ANY
SUCH SUBSEQUENT CONVEYANCE WHERE THE PROPERTY IS AN INDIVIDUAL RESIDEN-
TIAL UNIT, THE CONSIDERATION FOR THE INTEREST CONVEYED SHALL EXCLUDE THE
VALUE OF ANY LIENS ON CERTIFICATES OF STOCK OR OTHER EVIDENCES OF AN
OWNERSHIP INTEREST IN AND A PROPRIETARY LEASE FROM A CORPORATION OR
PARTNERSHIP FORMED FOR THE PURPOSE OF COOPERATIVE OWNERSHIP OF RESIDEN-
TIAL INTEREST IN REAL ESTATE REMAINING THEREON AT THE TIME OF CONVEY-
ANCE. IN DETERMINING THE TAX ON A CONVEYANCE DESCRIBED IN PARAGRAPH (A)
OF THIS SUBDIVISION, A CREDIT SHALL BE ALLOWED FOR A PROPORTIONATE PART
OF THE AMOUNT OF ANY TAX PAID UPON THE CONVEYANCE TO THE COOPERATIVE
HOUSING CORPORATION OF THE REAL PROPERTY COMPRISING THE COOPERATIVE
DWELLING OR DWELLINGS TO THE EXTENT THAT SUCH CONVEYANCE EFFECTUATED A
MERE CHANGE OF IDENTITY OR FORM OF OWNERSHIP OF SUCH PROPERTY AND NOT A
CHANGE IN THE BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP OF SUCH PROPERTY. THE AMOUNT OF THE
CREDIT SHALL BE DETERMINED BY MULTIPLYING THE AMOUNT OF TAX PAID UPON
THE CONVEYANCE TO THE COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION BY A PERCENTAGE
REPRESENTING THE EXTENT TO WHICH SUCH CONVEYANCE EFFECTUATED A MERE
CHANGE OF IDENTITY OR FORM OF OWNERSHIP AND NOT A CHANGE IN THE BENEFI-
CIAL OWNERSHIP OF SUCH PROPERTY, AND THEN MULTIPLYING THE RESULTING
PRODUCT BY A FRACTION, THE NUMERATOR OF WHICH SHALL BE THE NUMBER OF
SHARES OF STOCK CONVEYED IN A TRANSACTION DESCRIBED IN PARAGRAPH (A) OF
THIS SUBDIVISION, AND THE DENOMINATOR OF WHICH SHALL BE THE TOTAL NUMBER
OF SHARES OF STOCK OF THE COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION (INCLUDING ANY
STOCK HELD BY THE CORPORATION). IN NO EVENT, HOWEVER, SHALL SUCH CREDIT
REDUCE THE TAX, ON A CONVEYANCE DESCRIBED IN PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS
SUBDIVISION, BELOW ZERO, NOR SHALL ANY SUCH CREDIT BE ALLOWED FOR A TAX
PAID MORE THAN TWENTY-FOUR MONTHS PRIOR TO THE DATE ON WHICH OCCURS THE
FIRST IN A SERIES OF CONVEYANCES OF SHARES OF STOCK IN AN OFFERING OF
COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION SHARES DESCRIBED IN PARAGRAPH (A) OF
THIS SUBDIVISION.
2. EVERY COOPERATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION SHALL BE REQUIRED TO FILE AN
INFORMATION RETURN WITH THE TREASURER BY JULY FIFTEENTH OF EACH YEAR
A. 11349 11
COVERING THE PRECEDING PERIOD OF JANUARY FIRST THROUGH JUNE THIRTIETH
AND BY JANUARY FIFTEENTH OF EACH YEAR COVERING THE PRECEDING PERIOD OF
JULY FIRST THROUGH DECEMBER THIRTY-FIRST. THE RETURN SHALL CONTAIN SUCH
INFORMATION REGARDING THE CONVEYANCE OF SHARES OF STOCK IN THE COOPER-
ATIVE HOUSING CORPORATION AS THE TREASURER MAY DEEM NECESSARY, INCLUD-
ING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE NAMES, ADDRESSES AND EMPLOYEE IDENTIFICA-
TION NUMBERS OR SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS OF THE GRANTOR AND THE GRANTEE,
THE NUMBER OF SHARES CONVEYED, THE DATE OF THE CONVEYANCE AND THE
CONSIDERATION PAID FOR SUCH CONVEYANCE.
§ 1450-HH. DESIGNATION OF AGENTS. THE TREASURER IS AUTHORIZED TO
DESIGNATE THE RECORDING OFFICER TO ACT AS THEIR AGENT FOR PURPOSES OF
COLLECTING THE TAX AUTHORIZED BY THIS ARTICLE. THE TREASURER SHALL
PROVIDE FOR THE MANNER IN WHICH SUCH PERSON MAY BE DESIGNATED AS THEIR
AGENT SUBJECT TO SUCH TERMS AND CONDITIONS AS THE TREASURER SHALL
PRESCRIBE. THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX SHALL BE PAID TO SUCH AGENT AS
PROVIDED IN SECTION FOURTEEN HUNDRED FIFTY-CC OF THIS ARTICLE.
§ 1450-II. LIABILITY OF RECORDING OFFICER. A RECORDING OFFICER SHALL
NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INACCURACY IN THE AMOUNT OF TAX IMPOSED PURSUANT
TO THIS ARTICLE THAT THEY SHALL COLLECT SO LONG AS THEY SHALL COMPUTE
AND COLLECT SUCH TAX ON THE AMOUNT OF CONSIDERATION OR THE VALUE OF THE
INTEREST CONVEYED AS SUCH AMOUNTS ARE PROVIDED TO THEM BY THE PERSON
PAYING THE TAX.
§ 1450-JJ. REFUNDS. WHENEVER THE TREASURER SHALL DETERMINE THAT ANY
MONEYS RECEIVED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE LOCAL LAW ENACTED PURSUANT
TO THIS ARTICLE WERE PAID IN ERROR, THEY MAY CAUSE SUCH MONEYS TO BE
REFUNDED PURSUANT TO SUCH REQUIREMENTS AS THEY MAY PRESCRIBE, PROVIDED
THAT ANY APPLICATION FOR SUCH REFUND IS FILED WITH THE TREASURER WITHIN
TWO YEARS FROM THE DATE THE ERRONEOUS PAYMENT WAS MADE.
§ 1450-KK. DEPOSIT AND DISPOSITION OF REVENUE. 1. ALL TAXES, PENALTIES
AND INTEREST IMPOSED BY THE TOWN UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF SECTION FOURTEEN
HUNDRED FIFTY-BB OF THIS ARTICLE, WHICH ARE COLLECTED BY THE TREASURER
OR THEIR AGENTS, SHALL BE DEPOSITED IN A SINGLE TRUST FUND FOR THE TOWN
AND SHALL BE KEPT IN TRUST AND SEPARATE AND APART FROM ALL OTHER MONIES
IN POSSESSION OF THE TREASURER. MONEYS IN SUCH FUND SHALL BE DEPOSITED
AND SECURED IN THE MANNER PROVIDED BY SECTION TEN OF THE GENERAL MUNICI-
PAL LAW. PENDING EXPENDITURE FROM SUCH FUND, MONEYS THEREIN MAY BE
INVESTED IN THE MANNER PROVIDED IN SECTION ELEVEN OF THE GENERAL MUNICI-
PAL LAW. ANY INTEREST EARNED OR CAPITAL GAIN REALIZED ON THE MONEYS SO
DEPOSITED OR INVESTED SHALL ACCRUE TO AND BECOME PART OF SUCH FUND.
2. THE TREASURER SHALL RETAIN SUCH AMOUNT AS THEY MAY DETERMINE TO BE
NECESSARY FOR REFUNDS WITH RESPECT TO THE TAX IMPOSED BY THE TOWN, UNDER
THE AUTHORITY OF SECTION FOURTEEN HUNDRED FIFTY-BB OF THIS ARTICLE, OUT
OF WHICH THE TREASURER SHALL PAY ANY REFUNDS OF SUCH TAXES TO THOSE
TAXPAYERS ENTITLED TO A REFUND PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTI-
CLE.
3. THE TREASURER, AFTER RESERVING SUCH REFUNDS, SHALL ON OR BEFORE THE
TWELFTH DAY OF EACH MONTH PAY TO THE TOWN SUPERVISOR THE TAXES, PENAL-
TIES AND INTEREST IMPOSED BY THE TOWN UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF SECTION
FOURTEEN HUNDRED FIFTY-BB OF THIS ARTICLE, COLLECTED BY THE TREASURER,
PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE DURING THE NEXT PRECEDING CALENDAR MONTH. THE
AMOUNT SO PAYABLE SHALL BE CERTIFIED TO THE TOWN SUPERVISOR BY THE TREA-
SURER, WHO SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY INACCURACY IN SUCH CERTIF-
ICATION. PROVIDED, HOWEVER, ANY SUCH CERTIFICATION MAY BE BASED ON SUCH
INFORMATION AS MAY BE AVAILABLE TO THE TREASURER AT THE TIME SUCH
CERTIFICATION MUST BE MADE UNDER THIS SECTION. WHERE THE AMOUNT SO PAID
OVER TO THE TOWN IN ANY SUCH DISTRIBUTION IS MORE OR LESS THAN THE
A. 11349 12
AMOUNT DUE TO THE TOWN, THE AMOUNT OF THE OVERPAYMENT OR UNDERPAYMENT
SHALL BE CERTIFIED TO THE TOWN SUPERVISOR BY THE TREASURER, WHO SHALL
NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY INACCURACY IN SUCH CERTIFICATION. THE AMOUNT
OF THE OVERPAYMENT OR UNDERPAYMENT SHALL BE SO CERTIFIED TO THE TOWN
SUPERVISOR AS SOON AFTER THE DISCOVERY OF THE OVERPAYMENT OR UNDERPAY-
MENT AS REASONABLY POSSIBLE AND SUBSEQUENT PAYMENTS AND DISTRIBUTIONS BY
THE TREASURER TO THE TOWN SHALL BE ADJUSTED BY SUBTRACTING THE AMOUNT OF
ANY SUCH OVERPAYMENT FROM OR BY ADDING THE AMOUNT OF ANY SUCH UNDERPAY-
MENT TO SUCH NUMBER OF SUBSEQUENT PAYMENTS AND DISTRIBUTIONS AS THE
TREASURER AND TOWN SUPERVISOR SHALL CONSIDER REASONABLE IN VIEW OF THE
OVERPAYMENT OR UNDERPAYMENT AND ALL OTHER FACTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES.
4. ALL MONIES RECEIVED FROM THE TREASURER SHALL BE DEPOSITED IN THE
FUND OF THE TOWN, PURSUANT TO SECTION SIXTY-FOUR-M OF THE TOWN LAW.
§ 1450-LL. JUDICIAL REVIEW. 1. ANY FINAL DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT
OF ANY TAX PAYABLE UNDER SECTION FOURTEEN HUNDRED FIFTY-CC OF THIS ARTI-
CLE SHALL BE REVIEWABLE FOR ERROR, ILLEGALITY OR UNCONSTITUTIONALITY OR
ANY OTHER REASON WHATSOEVER BY A PROCEEDING UNDER ARTICLE SEVENTY-EIGHT
OF THE CIVIL PRACTICE LAW AND RULES IF APPLICATION THEREFOR IS MADE TO
THE SUPREME COURT WITHIN FOUR MONTHS AFTER THE GIVING OF THE NOTICE OF
SUCH FINAL DETERMINATION, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT ANY SUCH PROCEEDING
UNDER ARTICLE SEVENTY-EIGHT OF THE CIVIL PRACTICE LAW AND RULES SHALL
NOT BE INSTITUTED UNLESS (A) THE AMOUNT OF ANY TAX SOUGHT TO BE
REVIEWED, WITH SUCH INTEREST AND PENALTIES THEREON AS MAY BE PROVIDED
FOR BY LOCAL LAW SHALL BE FIRST DEPOSITED AND THERE IS FILED AN UNDER-
TAKING, ISSUED BY A SURETY COMPANY AUTHORIZED TO TRANSACT BUSINESS IN
THIS STATE AND APPROVED BY THE STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF INSURANCE AS TO
SOLVENCY AND RESPONSIBILITY, IN SUCH AMOUNT AS A JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME
COURT SHALL APPROVE TO THE EFFECT THAT IF SUCH PROCEEDING BE DISMISSED
OR THE TAX CONFIRMED THE PETITIONER WILL PAY ALL COSTS AND CHARGES WHICH
MAY ACCRUE IN THE PROSECUTION OF SUCH PROCEEDING OR (B) AT THE OPTION OF
THE PETITIONER, SUCH UNDERTAKING MAY BE IN A SUM SUFFICIENT TO COVER THE
TAXES, INTEREST AND PENALTIES STATED IN SUCH DETERMINATION, PLUS THE
COSTS AND CHARGES WHICH MAY ACCRUE AGAINST IT IN THE PROSECUTION OF THE
PROCEEDING, IN WHICH EVENT THE PETITIONER SHALL NOT BE REQUIRED TO PAY
SUCH TAXES, INTEREST OR PENALTIES AS A CONDITION PRECEDENT TO THE APPLI-
CATION.
2. WHERE ANY TAX IMPOSED HEREUNDER SHALL HAVE BEEN ERRONEOUSLY, ILLE-
GALLY OR UNCONSTITUTIONALLY ASSESSED OR COLLECTED AND APPLICATION FOR
THE REFUND OR REVISION THEREOF DULY MADE TO THE PROPER FISCAL OFFICER OR
OFFICERS, AND SUCH OFFICER OR OFFICERS SHALL HAVE MADE A DETERMINATION
DENYING SUCH REFUND OR REVISION, SUCH DETERMINATION SHALL BE REVIEWABLE
BY A PROCEEDING UNDER ARTICLE SEVENTY-EIGHT OF THE CIVIL PRACTICE LAW
AND RULES; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT (A) SUCH PROCEEDING IS INSTITUTED
WITHIN FOUR MONTHS AFTER THE GIVING OF THE NOTICE OF SUCH DENIAL, (B) A
FINAL DETERMINATION OF TAX DUE WAS NOT PREVIOUSLY MADE, AND (C) AN
UNDERTAKING IS FILED WITH THE PROPER FISCAL OFFICER OR OFFICERS IN SUCH
AMOUNT AND WITH SUCH SURETIES AS A JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT SHALL
APPROVE TO THE EFFECT THAT IF SUCH PROCEEDING BE DISMISSED OR THE TAX
CONFIRMED, THE PETITIONER WILL PAY ALL COSTS AND CHARGES WHICH MAY
ACCRUE IN THE PROSECUTION OF SUCH PROCEEDING.
§ 1450-MM. APPORTIONMENT. A LOCAL LAW ADOPTED BY THE TOWN OF CLARKS-
TOWN, PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE, SHALL PROVIDE FOR A METHOD OF APPORTION-
MENT FOR DETERMINING THE AMOUNT OF TAX DUE WHENEVER THE REAL PROPERTY OR
INTEREST THEREIN IS SITUATED WITHIN AND WITHOUT THE TOWN.
§ 1450-NN. MISCELLANEOUS. A LOCAL LAW ADOPTED BY THE TOWN OF CLARKS-
TOWN, PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE, MAY CONTAIN SUCH OTHER PROVISIONS AS THE
A. 11349 13
TOWN DEEMS NECESSARY FOR THE PROPER ADMINISTRATION OF THE TAX IMPOSED
PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE, INCLUDING PROVISIONS CONCERNING THE DETERMI-
NATION OF TAX, THE IMPOSITION OF INTEREST ON UNDERPAYMENTS AND OVERPAY-
MENTS AND THE IMPOSITION OF CIVIL PENALTIES. SUCH PROVISIONS SHALL BE
IDENTICAL TO THE CORRESPONDING PROVISIONS OF THE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER
TAX IMPOSED BY ARTICLE THIRTY-ONE OF THIS CHAPTER, SO FAR AS SUCH
PROVISIONS CAN BE MADE APPLICABLE TO THE TAX IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS
ARTICLE.
§ 1450-OO. RETURNS TO BE SECRET. 1. EXCEPT IN ACCORDANCE WITH PROPER
JUDICIAL ORDER OR AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED BY LAW, IT SHALL BE UNLAWFUL FOR
THE TREASURER OR ANY OFFICER OR EMPLOYEE OF THE COUNTY OR TOWN, INCLUD-
ING ANY PERSON ENGAGED OR RETAINED ON AN INDEPENDENT CONTRACT BASIS, TO
DIVULGE OR MAKE KNOWN IN ANY MANNER THE PARTICULARS SET FORTH OR
DISCLOSED IN ANY RETURN REQUIRED UNDER A LOCAL LAW ENACTED PURSUANT TO
THIS ARTICLE. HOWEVER, THAT NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL PROHIBIT THE
RECORDING OFFICER FROM MAKING A NOTATION ON AN INSTRUMENT EFFECTING A
CONVEYANCE INDICATING THE AMOUNT OF TAX PAID. NO RECORDED INSTRUMENT
EFFECTING A CONVEYANCE SHALL BE CONSIDERED A RETURN FOR PURPOSES OF THIS
SECTION.
2. THE OFFICERS CHARGED WITH THE CUSTODY OF SUCH RETURNS SHALL NOT BE
REQUIRED TO PRODUCE ANY OF THEM OR EVIDENCE OF ANYTHING CONTAINED IN
THEM IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN ANY COURT, EXCEPT ON BEHALF OF THE
COUNTY OR TOWN IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING INVOLVING THE COLLECTION OF A
TAX DUE UNDER A LOCAL LAW ENACTED PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE TO WHICH SUCH
COUNTY OR TOWN IS A PARTY, OR A CLAIMANT, OR ON BEHALF OF ANY PARTY TO
ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF A LOCAL LAW ENACTED
PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE WHEN THE RETURNS OR FACTS SHOWN THEREBY ARE
DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING, IN ANY OF WHICH EVENTS
THE COURT MAY REQUIRE THE PRODUCTION OF, AND MAY ADMIT IN EVIDENCE, SO
MUCH OF SAID RETURNS OR OF THE FACTS SHOWN THEREBY, AS ARE PERTINENT TO
THE ACTION OR PROCEEDING AND NO MORE.
3. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO PROHIBIT THE DELIVERY TO A
GRANTOR OR GRANTEE OF AN INSTRUMENT EFFECTING A CONVEYANCE OR THE DULY
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF A GRANTOR OR GRANTEE OF A CERTIFIED COPY OF
ANY RETURN FILED IN CONNECTION WITH SUCH INSTRUMENT OR TO PROHIBIT THE
PUBLICATION OF STATISTICS SO CLASSIFIED AS TO PREVENT THE IDENTIFICATION
OF PARTICULAR RETURNS AND THE ITEMS THEREOF, OR THE INSPECTION BY THE
LEGAL REPRESENTATIVES OF SUCH COUNTY OR TOWN OF THE RETURN OF ANY
TAXPAYER WHO SHALL BRING ACTION TO SET ASIDE OR REVIEW THE TAX BASED
THEREON.
4. ANY OFFICER OR EMPLOYEE OF SUCH COUNTY OR TOWN WHO WILLFULLY
VIOLATES THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION SHALL BE DISMISSED FROM OFFICE
AND BE INCAPABLE OF HOLDING ANY PUBLIC OFFICE IN THIS STATE FOR A PERIOD
OF FIVE YEARS THEREAFTER.
§ 1450-PP. FORECLOSURE PROCEEDINGS. WHERE THE CONVEYANCE CONSISTS OF
TRANSFER OF PROPERTY MADE AS A RESULT OF AN ORDER OF THE COURT IN A
FORECLOSURE PROCEEDING ORDERING THE SALE OF SUCH PROPERTY, THE REFEREE
OR SHERIFF EFFECTUATING SUCH TRANSFER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INTER-
EST OR PENALTIES THAT ARE AUTHORIZED PURSUANT TO THIS ARTICLE OR ARTICLE
THIRTY-SEVEN OF THIS CHAPTER.
§ 3. Severability. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision,
section or part of this act shall be adjudged by any court of competent
jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect, impair, or
invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in its operation
to the clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision, section or part thereof
directly involved in the controversy in which such judgment shall have
A. 11349 14
been rendered. It is hereby declared to be the intent of the legislature
that this act would have been enacted even if such invalid provisions
had not been included herein.
§ 4. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that
section two of this act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it
shall have become a law and shall expire and be deemed repealed on
December 31, 2046.Every fact on this page links to its source, starting with the official bill record.